Evidence-Based Nutrient Recommendations

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Evidence-Based Nutrient Recommendations

Chronic Disease and Vegetarian Diets

Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease Rates of Vegetarians

Summary
Vegetarian Cohorts and Standardized Mortality
AHS-2: Mortality (2024)
Meta-Analysis of CVD, IHD, and Stroke (2023)
Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial: Mortality (2023)
Meta-Analysis of Stroke Risk among Vegetarians (2021)
Stroke Rates of Vegetarian Health Professionals (2021)
Stroke Risk in Taiwanese Vegetarians (2020)
EPIC-Oxford: Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke Incidence (2019)
AHS-2: Cardiovascular Mortality and Protein Source (2018)
Meta-Analysis of Mortality and Cancer (2017)
EPIC-Oxford: Mortality (2016)
EPIC-Oxford: Heart Disease Incidence (2013)
AHS-2: Mortality (2013)
Mortality Meta-Analysis (2012)
EPIC-Oxford: Heart Disease Mortality (2009)
Heidelberg Study (2005)
EPIC-Oxford: Preliminary Mortality Rates (2003)
British Mortality (2002)
Mortality Meta-Analysis (1999)
Adventist Health Study (1999)
Appendix A: Excluded Papers
- Selinger et al.’s Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses (2023)
Bibliography

Cardiovascular Disease Markers of Vegans

Introduction
Blood Lipids

Cholesterol in EPIC-Oxford
Cholesterol in Western Vegans
Cholesterol in USA Vegans
Triglycerides
Summary

Blood Pressure

Vegetarians and Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis
Why Do Vegans Have Lower Blood Pressure?

Body Mass Index

2013 Report From Adventist Health Study-2
2003 Report From EPIC-Oxford
Body Mass Index Over Time as a Vegan

Body Fat
Homocysteine
Conclusion
Bibliography

Type 2 Diabetes and Vegan Diets

Observational Studies
Clinical Trials
Conclusion
More Information
References

Clinical Trials using a Vegan Diet

Recipe for Heart Health and Olive Oil
C-Reactive Protein
References

Average Nutrient Intakes

EPIC-Oxford (2016)
EPIC-Oxford (2003)
Adventist Health Study-2 (2013)
Bibliography